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(No Model.) x l rsheetsfsheet 1.

W. S. RICHARDSON.

lAPPARATUS POR MAKING SULFATB 0F AMMONIUM. No. 598,488. Patented lieb. 1, '1888.

TH: Nonms paens co.. Monzuno., wAsHlNurcN. o. c.

(No Model.) 3.Sheets-Sheet 2A W. RICHARDSON. A APPARATUS FR MAKING SULPATE OP AMMONIUM.

No, 593,488. Patented Peb. 1,1898;v

('N Model.) v l 8 sheets-811888 3.

. W. 8.810111818138018. APPARATUS PDR MAKING SULFATE 0F AMMONIUM.

No. 588,488.5 Patented Peb. 1, 1888.

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ll'iurrnn Srarusr VINFIELD S. RICHARDSON, OF CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL WASTE UTILIZATION COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING SULFATE OF AMMONIUNI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 598,488, dated February 1, 1898.

Application filed February 10, 1897. Serial No. 622,739. (No model.)

T0 a/ZZ whom t may concern,.-

Beit known that LWINFIELD S, RICHARD- SON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Camden, in the county of Camden and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Sulfate of Ammonia, of which the following is a specication. s

My invention has relation to apparatus for the manufacture offsulfate of ammonia by dry distillation.

Hitherto the generally-practiced method of producing sulfate of ammonia was to introduce bone or animal mattei' into a muffle or cylinder and to connect a pipe therewith, said pipe having its open end located in a bat-h of water. Heat was then applied to the cylinder or muiie to drive off the ammoniacal vapors or gas into and through the water -until the latter became saturated therewith and subjected them to the influence of steam, milk of lime, and sulfuric acid in substantially the same manner that gas liquor is treated to recover sulfate of ammonia therefrom.

According to my present invention by dry distillation the ammoniacal vapors or gas are or is conducted directly from the niufiie or oven to a saturator containing sulfuric acid, the vapors or gas being passed directly through the acid-bath, so as to become saturated therewith. When the sulfuric acid becomes thoroughly saturated with the ammoniacal vapors or gas, the said saturated acid will separate into small white crystals, settling in the receptacle and Withdrawn as sulfate of ammonia.

By the dry-distillation method above eX- plained can be produced to a certain Weight or quantity of sulfuric acid a corresponding proportion or quantity of sulfate of ammonia and in a most economical manner.

My invention, stated in general terms, consists of an apparatus for manufacturing sulfate of ammonia, as hereinafter described and claimed. The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description, taken in connection With the accompanyin g drawings, forming part hereof, in which--n -opening a3.

`ing-shaft e5.

Figure l is a longitudinal central section of certain of the features of an apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the apparatus, partly broken away. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view on the line Qc oc of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view, enlarged, on the line y y of Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 is a longitudinal central sectional view, enlarged, of a saturator of my invention embodying, in conjunction withthe furnace, the main features of the same.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a furnace of ordinary construction having a grate ct and a fire-chamber a. Back of the chamber d is arranged a chamber a2 for the reception of fuel, and this chamber d2 communicates with the chamber a through an The iioor CL4 of the chamber a2 is sloping or inclined and is designed to permit of the gradual movement of fuel to the `fire-chamber a. At the upper portion of the chamber d2 is provided an opening a5, communicating with a horizontally-arranged iiue or oven b. Within the chamber a2 is also located a muffle or receptacle d, adapted to be turned or dumped by means of the shaft d and winch d2 or other preferred means. Vthin the horizontal i'lue or oven l), at either end thereof, are located the driving-sprockets e ande', one of which, c, is driven by a shaft e2, pulley e3, and belt et from the main driv- Over the sprockets e and c is adapted to travel an endless conveyer chain or band f of any suitable construction and adapted to receive and carry the material to be treated. This conveyer is so arranged that on turning the sprocket e it will discharge its contents into the mufiie d, as indicated in Fig. l. At that end of the flue opposite to Where the conveyer f discharges a suitable opening normally closed by doors h is provided for the purpose of discharging waste matter to the conveyer j". The flue or oven b is separated bya partition or loorin g b2 into two horizontal compartments, in the lower one, b3, of which the hot gases from the furnace A are conducted, and the empty portion of the conveyer f travels in this lower compartment. In the upper compartment b4, which by pref erence does not communicate with the lower compartment b3, the iilled portion of the con- IOO .in the fine-compartment b3.

veyer travels from the doors b until the conveyer discharges into the muffle or tilting hopper d. The lower compartment h3 discharges into a stack or chimneyB. "Within this chimney B and at or near its upper end is provided a rose or sprayer B, arranged to discharge against the inner'walls of the stack B a thin film or spray of water to protect the same from ,the corrosive action of certain waste gases arising from treated matter which may be discharged to the stack. The sprayer B also serves to collect and precipitate certain chemicals into the waste and fiue gases which precipitates, and liquid from the sprayer may be drawn oft from the base of the stack through the pipe B2. The sprayer also prevents in a large measure the escape from the stack of various stenches arising from the treatment of the waste matter. Above the tilting hopper or muffle CZ is formed a hood or pocket d4 of the upper compartment b4. This hood d4 is connected by one or more pipes h with a pipe h', leading to the fire-chamber a.. These pipes h are furnished with valves h2, which when open permit of the escape of gases, &c., into the hood or pocket d4 to the furnace for consumption therein. The upper compartment b4 also communicates,`by means of the pipes e7, with one or more saturatorsD. These saturators consist, preferably, of a tank m, lined with lead or other suitable material and partially filled with sulfuric acid. Suspended within the tank m is a bell m', the mouth of which is submerged in the acid. The bell by preference is made of lead or other similar material. Into the bell yin extends a pipe t', being the continuation of the pipe e7, the perforated open end f of which extends into sulfuric acid. From the upper end of the bell m extends a pipe fn, leading to the lower liuc-compartment b3, and hence to the stack B. In the drawings are illustrated two lues side byl side, in each of which aseparate conveyer f is located. Either or both of these iiues may be used, and the pipe n, which leads to the lower compartments b3 of both fines, as illustrated in Fig. 4, is provided with valves n2 and n3, either of which may be closed to prevent communication with the iiue not in use and the saturators D.

y The operation of the apparatus illustrated and described is as follows: The conveyer f receives the waste matter below the doors b and conveys it slowly through the flue or oven h, which is highly heated by the gases The matter by the time it reaches the furnace end of the iiue or oven is completely dried and charred or coked. During its travel in the oven the gases and vapors driven off may be disposed of 6o the furnace A, or when the valves e6 are open v6 5 the vapors and gases are first conducted through thesaturator l), in which the available ammoniates are precipitated and from which the waste may be fed to the stack through the flue-compartment b3. In this latter case if the valves h2 are open some of the gases arising from the compartment b4 in the hood d4 may escape to the furnace.

The disposition of the gases and vapors will depend largely upon the character of the waste matter to be treated. If rich in ammoniacal products in the form of a gas and ammoniacal vapors, such should be passed through the saturators, so that the sulfuric acid may precipitate white crystals, known as sulfate of ammonia. When, however, the matter is neither rich in hydrogen nor ammoniacal vapors or gas, it may be advisable to discharge these vapors or gases to the stack B.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is*

The combination of a furnace provided with an oven having a series of fines, into which flues is adapted to be introduced solid or substantially solid matter, suitable conveyers adapted to travel therein and the gasfor vapors arising 4from the treatment of said math ter adapted to be conducted by means of a pipe connection n, provided with valves n2 and n3, to a saturator or saturators containing sulfuric acid, a bell suspended in a body of sulfuric acid in each of said saturators, an outlet-pipe extending through the bell of each of said saturators and perforated below the surface of said body of sulfuric acid, and each of said pipes connected `with a flue of said oven, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribingwitnesses.

WINFIELD S. RICHARDSON.

Witnesses:

J. WALTER DoUeLAss, THOMAS M. SMITH.

IOO 

